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grid-template

The grid-template CSS property is a shorthand property for defining grid columns, rows, and areas.

/* Keyword value */
grid-template: none;

/* grid-template-rows / grid-template-columns values */
grid-template: 100px 1fr / 50px 1fr;
grid-template: auto 1fr / auto 1fr auto;
grid-template: [linename] 100px / [columnname1] 30% [columnname2] 70%;
grid-template: fit-content(100px) / fit-content(40%);

/* grid-template-areas grid-template-rows / grid-template-column values */
grid-template: "a a a"
               "b b b";
grid-template: "a a a" 20%
               "b b b" auto;
grid-template: [header-top] "a a a"     [header-bottom]
                 [main-top] "b b b" 1fr [main-bottom]
                            / auto 1fr auto;

/* Global values */
grid-template: inherit;
grid-template: initial;
grid-template: unset;

Authors can set values for the longhand properties: grid-template-rows, grid-template-columns, and grid-template-areas.

Initial value as each of the properties of the shorthand:
Applies to grid containers
Inherited no
Percentages as each of the properties of the shorthand:
Media visual
Computed value as each of the properties of the shorthand:
Animation type discrete
Canonical order the unique non-ambiguous order defined by the formal grammar

Syntax

Values

none
Is a keyword that sets all three longhand properties to none, meaning there is no explicit grid. There are no named grid areas. Rows and columns will be implicitly generated; their size will be determined by the grid-auto-rows and grid-auto-columns properties.
<'grid-template-rows'> / <'grid-template-columns'>
Sets grid-template-rows and grid-template-columns to the specified values, and sets grid-template-areas to none.
[ <line-names>? <string> <track-size>? <line-names>? ]+ [ / <explicit-track-list> ]?
Sets grid-template-areas to the strings listed, grid-template-rows to the track sizes following each string (filling in auto for any missing sizes), and splicing in the named lines defined before/after each size, and grid-template-columns to the track listing specified after the slash (or none, if not specified).

Note: The repeat() function isn’t allowed in these track listings, as the tracks are intended to visually line up one-to-one with the rows/columns in the “ASCII art”.

Note: The grid shorthand accepts the same syntax, but also resets the implicit grid properties to their initial values. Use grid (as opposed to grid-template) to prevent these values from cascading in seperately.

Formal syntax

none | [ <'grid-template-rows'> / <'grid-template-columns'> ] | [ <line-names>? <string> <track-size>? <line-names>? ]+ [ / <explicit-track-list> ]?

where
<line-names> = '[' <custom-ident>* ']'
<track-size> = <track-breadth> | minmax( <inflexible-breadth> , <track-breadth> ) | fit-content( [ <length> | <percentage> ] )
<explicit-track-list> = [ <line-names>? <track-size> ]+ <line-names>?

where
<track-breadth> = <length-percentage> | <flex> | min-content | max-content | auto
<inflexible-breadth> = <length> | <percentage> | min-content | max-content | auto

where
<length-percentage> = <length> | <percentage>

Examples

CSS

#page {
  display: grid;
  width: 100%;
  height: 200px;
  grid-template: [header-left] "head head" 30px [header-right]
                 [main-left]   "nav  main" 1fr  [main-right]
                 [footer-left] "nav  foot" 30px [footer-right]
                 / 120px 1fr;
}

header {
  background-color: lime;
  grid-area: head;
}

nav {
  background-color: lightblue;
  grid-area: nav;
}

main {
  background-color: yellow;
  grid-area: main;
}

footer {
  background-color: red;
  grid-column: foot;
}

HTML

<section id="page">
  <header>Header</header>
  <nav>Navigation</nav>
  <main>Main area</main>
  <footer>Footer</footer>
</section>

Result

Specifications

Specification Status Comment
CSS Grid Layout
The definition of 'grid-template' in that specification.
Candidate Recommendation Initial definition

Browser compatibility

Feature Chrome Edge Firefox Internet Explorer Opera Safari
Basic support

57

291

16

52

402

No

44

283

10.1
Feature Android webview Chrome for Android Edge mobile Firefox for Android IE mobile Opera Android iOS Safari
Basic support 57

57

291

16

52

402

No 44 10.3

1. From version 29: this feature is behind the Enable experimental Web Platform features preference. To change preferences in Chrome, visit chrome://flags.

2. From version 40: this feature is behind the layout.css.grid.enabled preference (needs to be set to true). To change preferences in Firefox, visit about:config.

3. From version 28: this feature is behind the Enable experimental Web Platform features preference.

See also

© 2005–2018 Mozilla Developer Network and individual contributors.
Licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License v2.5 or later.
https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/grid-template