HTMLCanvasElement.toBlob

The HTMLCanvasElement.toBlob() method creates a Blob object representing the image contained in the canvas; this file may be cached on the disk or stored in memory at the discretion of the user agent. If type is not specified, the image type is image/png. The created image is in a resolution of 96dpi.
The third argument is used with image/jpeg images to specify the quality of the output.

Syntax

void canvas.toBlob(callback, mimeType, qualityArgument);

Parameters

callback

A callback function with the resulting Blob object as a single argument.

mimeType Optional

A DOMString indicating the image format. The default type is image/png.

qualityArgument Optional

A Number between 0 and 1 indicating image quality if the requested type is image/jpeg or image/webp. If this argument is anything else, the default value for image quality is used. Other arguments are ignored.

Return value

None.

Examples

Getting a file representing the canvas

Once you have drawn content into a canvas, you can convert it into a file of any supported image format. The code snippet below, for example, takes the image in the <canvas> element whose ID is "canvas", obtains a copy of it as a PNG image, then appends a new <img> element to the document, whose source image is the one created using the canvas.

var canvas = document.getElementById('canvas');

canvas.toBlob(function(blob) {
  var newImg = document.createElement('img'),
      url = URL.createObjectURL(blob);

  newImg.onload = function() {
    // no longer need to read the blob so it's revoked
    URL.revokeObjectURL(url);
  };

  newImg.src = url;
  document.body.appendChild(newImg);
});

Note that here we're creating a PNG image; if you add a second parameter to the toBlob() call, you can specify the image type. For example, to get the image in JPEG format:

 canvas.toBlob(function(blob){...}, 'image/jpeg', 0.95); // JPEG at 95% quality

A way to convert a canvas to an ico (Mozilla only)

This uses -moz-parse to convert the canvas to ico. Windows XP doesn't support converting from PNG to ico, so it uses bmp instead. A download link is created by setting the download attribute. The value of the download attribute is the name it will use as the file name.

var canvas = document.getElementById('canvas');
var d = canvas.width;
ctx = canvas.getContext('2d');
ctx.beginPath();
ctx.moveTo(d / 2, 0);
ctx.lineTo(d, d);
ctx.lineTo(0, d);
ctx.closePath();
ctx.fillStyle = 'yellow';
ctx.fill();

function blobCallback(iconName) {
  return function(b) {
    var a = document.createElement('a');
    a.textContent = 'Download';
    document.body.appendChild(a);
    a.style.display = 'block';
    a.download = iconName + '.ico';
    a.href = window.URL.createObjectURL(b);
  }
}
canvas.toBlob(blobCallback('passThisString'), 'image/vnd.microsoft.icon', 
              '-moz-parse-options:format=bmp;bpp=32');

Save toBlob to disk with OS.File (chrome/add-on context only)

var canvas = document.getElementById('canvas');
var d = canvas.width;
ctx = canvas.getContext('2d');
ctx.beginPath();
ctx.moveTo(d / 2, 0);
ctx.lineTo(d, d);
ctx.lineTo(0, d);
ctx.closePath();
ctx.fillStyle = 'yellow';
ctx.fill();

function blobCallback(iconName) {
  return function(b) {
    var r = new FileReader();
    r.onloadend = function () {
    // r.result contains the ArrayBuffer.
    Cu.import('resource://gre/modules/osfile.jsm');
    var writePath = OS.Path.join(OS.Constants.Path.desktopDir, 
                                 iconName + '.ico');
    var promise = OS.File.writeAtomic(writePath, new Uint8Array(r.result), 
                                      {tmpPath:writePath + '.tmp'});
    promise.then(
      function() {
        console.log('successfully wrote file');
      },
      function() {
        console.log('failure writing file')
      }
    );
  };
  r.readAsArrayBuffer(b);
  }
}

canvas.toBlob(blobCallback('passThisString'), 'image/vnd.microsoft.icon',
              '-moz-parse-options:format=bmp;bpp=32');

Specifications

Browser compatibility

[1] See WebKit bug 71270.

Polyfill

A low performance polyfill based on toDataURL.

if (!HTMLCanvasElement.prototype.toBlob) {
  Object.defineProperty(HTMLCanvasElement.prototype, 'toBlob', {
    value: function (callback, type, quality) {
      var canvas = this;
      setTimeout(function() {

        var binStr = atob( canvas.toDataURL(type, quality).split(',')[1] ),
            len = binStr.length,
            arr = new Uint8Array(len);

        for (var i = 0; i < len; i++ ) {
          arr[i] = binStr.charCodeAt(i);
        }

        callback( new Blob( [arr], {type: type || 'image/png'} ) );

      });
    }
  });
}

See also

• The interface defining it, HTMLCanvasElement.
• Blob