numpy.pad(array, pad_width, mode, **kwargs)
[source]
Pads an array.
Parameters: |
array : array_like of rank N Input array pad_width : {sequence, array_like, int} Number of values padded to the edges of each axis. ((before_1, after_1), ... (before_N, after_N)) unique pad widths for each axis. ((before, after),) yields same before and after pad for each axis. (pad,) or int is a shortcut for before = after = pad width for all axes. mode : str or function One of the following string values or a user supplied function.
stat_length : sequence or int, optional Used in ‘maximum’, ‘mean’, ‘median’, and ‘minimum’. Number of values at edge of each axis used to calculate the statistic value. ((before_1, after_1), ... (before_N, after_N)) unique statistic lengths for each axis. ((before, after),) yields same before and after statistic lengths for each axis. (stat_length,) or int is a shortcut for before = after = statistic length for all axes. Default is constant_values : sequence or int, optional Used in ‘constant’. The values to set the padded values for each axis. ((before_1, after_1), ... (before_N, after_N)) unique pad constants for each axis. ((before, after),) yields same before and after constants for each axis. (constant,) or int is a shortcut for before = after = constant for all axes. Default is 0. end_values : sequence or int, optional Used in ‘linear_ramp’. The values used for the ending value of the linear_ramp and that will form the edge of the padded array. ((before_1, after_1), ... (before_N, after_N)) unique end values for each axis. ((before, after),) yields same before and after end values for each axis. (constant,) or int is a shortcut for before = after = end value for all axes. Default is 0. reflect_type : {‘even’, ‘odd’}, optional Used in ‘reflect’, and ‘symmetric’. The ‘even’ style is the default with an unaltered reflection around the edge value. For the ‘odd’ style, the extented part of the array is created by subtracting the reflected values from two times the edge value. |
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Returns: |
pad : ndarray Padded array of rank equal to |
New in version 1.7.0.
For an array with rank greater than 1, some of the padding of later axes is calculated from padding of previous axes. This is easiest to think about with a rank 2 array where the corners of the padded array are calculated by using padded values from the first axis.
The padding function, if used, should return a rank 1 array equal in length to the vector argument with padded values replaced. It has the following signature:
padding_func(vector, iaxis_pad_width, iaxis, **kwargs)
where
vector : ndarray
iaxis_pad_width : tuple
iaxis : int
kwargs : misc
>>> a = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5] >>> np.lib.pad(a, (2,3), 'constant', constant_values=(4, 6)) array([4, 4, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 6, 6])
>>> np.lib.pad(a, (2, 3), 'edge') array([1, 1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 5, 5, 5])
>>> np.lib.pad(a, (2, 3), 'linear_ramp', end_values=(5, -4)) array([ 5, 3, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 2, -1, -4])
>>> np.lib.pad(a, (2,), 'maximum') array([5, 5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 5, 5])
>>> np.lib.pad(a, (2,), 'mean') array([3, 3, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 3, 3])
>>> np.lib.pad(a, (2,), 'median') array([3, 3, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 3, 3])
>>> a = [[1, 2], [3, 4]] >>> np.lib.pad(a, ((3, 2), (2, 3)), 'minimum') array([[1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 1], [1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 1], [1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 1], [1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 1], [3, 3, 3, 4, 3, 3, 3], [1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 1], [1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 1]])
>>> a = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5] >>> np.lib.pad(a, (2, 3), 'reflect') array([3, 2, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 4, 3, 2])
>>> np.lib.pad(a, (2, 3), 'reflect', reflect_type='odd') array([-1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8])
>>> np.lib.pad(a, (2, 3), 'symmetric') array([2, 1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 5, 4, 3])
>>> np.lib.pad(a, (2, 3), 'symmetric', reflect_type='odd') array([0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 5, 6, 7])
>>> np.lib.pad(a, (2, 3), 'wrap') array([4, 5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 1, 2, 3])
>>> def padwithtens(vector, pad_width, iaxis, kwargs): ... vector[:pad_width[0]] = 10 ... vector[-pad_width[1]:] = 10 ... return vector
>>> a = np.arange(6) >>> a = a.reshape((2, 3))
>>> np.lib.pad(a, 2, padwithtens) array([[10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10], [10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10], [10, 10, 0, 1, 2, 10, 10], [10, 10, 3, 4, 5, 10, 10], [10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10], [10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10]])
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https://docs.scipy.org/doc/numpy-1.13.0/reference/generated/numpy.pad.html