Source code: Lib/email/contentmanager.py
New in version 3.6: [1]
class email.contentmanager.ContentManager
Base class for content managers. Provides the standard registry mechanisms to register converters between MIME content and other representations, as well as the get_content
and set_content
dispatch methods.
get_content(msg, *args, **kw)
Look up a handler function based on the mimetype
of msg (see next paragraph), call it, passing through all arguments, and return the result of the call. The expectation is that the handler will extract the payload from msg and return an object that encodes information about the extracted data.
To find the handler, look for the following keys in the registry, stopping with the first one found:
maintype/subtype
)maintype
If none of these keys produce a handler, raise a KeyError
for the full MIME type.
set_content(msg, obj, *args, **kw)
If the maintype
is multipart
, raise a TypeError
; otherwise look up a handler function based on the type of obj (see next paragraph), call clear_content()
on the msg, and call the handler function, passing through all arguments. The expectation is that the handler will transform and store obj into msg, possibly making other changes to msg as well, such as adding various MIME headers to encode information needed to interpret the stored data.
To find the handler, obtain the type of obj (typ = type(obj)
), and look for the following keys in the registry, stopping with the first one found:
typ
)typ.__module__ + '.' +
typ.__qualname__
).typ.__qualname__
)typ.__name__
).If none of the above match, repeat all of the checks above for each of the types in the MRO (typ.__mro__
). Finally, if no other key yields a handler, check for a handler for the key None
. If there is no handler for None
, raise a KeyError
for the fully qualified name of the type.
Also add a MIME-Version header if one is not present (see also MIMEPart
).
add_get_handler(key, handler)
Record the function handler as the handler for key. For the possible values of key, see get_content()
.
add_set_handler(typekey, handler)
Record handler as the function to call when an object of a type matching typekey is passed to set_content()
. For the possible values of typekey, see set_content()
.
Currently the email package provides only one concrete content manager, raw_data_manager
, although more may be added in the future. raw_data_manager
is the content_manager
provided by EmailPolicy
and its derivatives.
email.contentmanager.raw_data_manager
This content manager provides only a minimum interface beyond that provided by Message
itself: it deals only with text, raw byte strings, and Message
objects. Nevertheless, it provides significant advantages compared to the base API: get_content
on a text part will return a unicode string without the application needing to manually decode it, set_content
provides a rich set of options for controlling the headers added to a part and controlling the content transfer encoding, and it enables the use of the various add_
methods, thereby simplifying the creation of multipart messages.
email.contentmanager.get_content(msg, errors='replace')
Return the payload of the part as either a string (for text
parts), an EmailMessage
object (for message/rfc822
parts), or a bytes
object (for all other non-multipart types). Raise a KeyError
if called on a multipart
. If the part is a text
part and errors is specified, use it as the error handler when decoding the payload to unicode. The default error handler is replace
.
email.contentmanager.set_content(msg, <'str'>, subtype="plain", charset='utf-8' cte=None, disposition=None, filename=None, cid=None, params=None, headers=None)
email.contentmanager.set_content(msg, <'bytes'>, maintype, subtype, cte="base64", disposition=None, filename=None, cid=None, params=None, headers=None)
email.contentmanager.set_content(msg, <'EmailMessage'>, cte=None, disposition=None, filename=None, cid=None, params=None, headers=None)
email.contentmanager.set_content(msg, <'list'>, subtype='mixed', disposition=None, filename=None, cid=None, params=None, headers=None)
Add headers and payload to msg:
Add a Content-Type header with a maintype/subtype
value.
str
, set the MIME maintype
to text
, and set the subtype to subtype if it is specified, or plain
if it is not.bytes
, use the specified maintype and subtype, or raise a TypeError
if they are not specified.EmailMessage
objects, set the maintype to message
, and set the subtype to subtype if it is specified or rfc822
if it is not. If subtype is partial
, raise an error (bytes
objects must be used to construct message/partial
parts).EmailMessage
objects, set the maintype
to multipart
, and the subtype
to subtype if it is specified, and mixed
if it is not. If the message parts in the <’list’> have MIME-Version headers, remove them.If charset is provided (which is valid only for str
), encode the string to bytes using the specified character set. The default is utf-8
. If the specified charset is a known alias for a standard MIME charset name, use the standard charset instead.
If cte is set, encode the payload using the specified content transfer encoding, and set the Content-Transfer-Encoding header to that value. Possible values for cte are quoted-printable
, base64
, 7bit
, 8bit
, and binary
. If the input cannot be encoded in the specified encoding (for example, specifying a cte of 7bit
for an input that contains non-ASCII values), raise a ValueError
.
str
objects, if cte is not set use heuristics to determine the most compact encoding.EmailMessage
, per RFC 2046, raise an error if a cte of quoted-printable
or base64
is requested for subtype rfc822
, and for any cte other than 7bit
for subtype external-body
. For message/rfc822
, use 8bit
if cte is not specified. For all other values of subtype, use 7bit
.Note
A cte of binary
does not actually work correctly yet. The EmailMessage
object as modified by set_content
is correct, but BytesGenerator
does not serialize it correctly.
If disposition is set, use it as the value of the Content-Disposition header. If not specified, and filename is specified, add the header with the value attachment
. If disposition is not specified and filename is also not specified, do not add the header. The only valid values for disposition are attachment
and inline
.
If filename is specified, use it as the value of the filename
parameter of the Content-Disposition header.
If cid is specified, add a Content-ID header with cid as its value.
If params is specified, iterate its items
method and use the resulting (key, value)
pairs to set additional parameters on the Content-Type header.
If headers is specified and is a list of strings of the form headername: headervalue
or a list of header
objects (distinguished from strings by having a name
attribute), add the headers to msg.
[1] | Originally added in 3.4 as a provisional module |
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Licensed under the PSF License.
https://docs.python.org/3.6/library/email.contentmanager.html